Inkjet printing of resistive-type humidity sensor for harsh environments

A flexible resistive-type humidity sensor for harsh environments is successfully designed and fabricated by an inkjet printing method using a Dimatix materials printer (DMP-2800 series from Fujifilm). Construction of the sensors is based on inkjet printed interdigitated silver electrodes on a polyimide flexible substrate along with an inkjet printable polyaniline (PANi) as humidity sensitive material. A copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol (EVOH) is used as sensor protective coating. Double strand water- soluble PANi ink is synthesized by polymerization of aniline monomers with poly(4- styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) as a template. Manufactured devices showed high sensitivity (/% @ 45%RH) to humidity with good linearity (R-squared correlation value of 0.99) and fast absorption and desorption responses over a broad range of humidity (/5-95%RH). The response time for the sensors without EVOH coating on top is around 5 and /5 seconds for absorption and desorption, respectively. The response time for the coated sensors is about 40 and //0 seconds for absorption and desorption, respectively. Sensors showed small hysteresis (about 3%) while a protective polymer coating provided a barrier to damage or false signals due to solvents and chemicals. Fabricated sensors are characterized in order to investigate the structure and morphology of the thin films. UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to obtain information on PANi in solution form and to confirm that PANi in the form of emeraldine salt is obtained. FT-IR spectroscopy is used to verify the incorporation of the PSSA into PANi. SEM microscopy method is used to characterize the PANi-PSSA in powder form and the AFM method is used to show the morphology of the thin films

Investigating the Knowledge Management Infrastructures of SBMU-Affiliated Libraries

Introduction: Increasing productivity in academic libraries can be due to knowledge management. The successful implementation of knowledge management requires appropriate infrastructures. In this study, to determine the level of readiness of SBMU-affiliated libraries and to implement knowledge management, the infrastructure of the management approach, organizational culture, human resources, organizational structure, and information technology has been examined.   Methods: The descriptive-survey research method was used to determine the status of the infrastructures studied to obtain the opinions of 58 librarians working in the libraries of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The opinions of 10 experts obtained to analyze the qualitative validity. Content validity‏ ratio (CVR) was calculated to analyze the quantitative content validity, content validity index (CVI), and the validity of each item, which was considered 62% and 79%, respectively. Cronbach's alpha was also used to measure reliability, which was 0.92, indicating that reliability is appropriate. A 5-point Likert scale was used to weigh a 50- item questionnaire.   Results: The mean obtained for the infrastructures of the management approach was 2.72, organizational structure 2.66, organizational culture 3.13, human resources 3.26, and technology 3.21, respectively.   Conclusion: The status of the two infrastructures of management approach and organizational structure was undesirable, and the three infrastructures of organizational culture, human resources, and technology were at a moderate level. Consequently, these infrastructures need investment and exceptional attention to provide a suitable platform for the implementation of knowledge management in the SBMU-affiliated libraries

Study of the family dolichopodidae in grasslands of Miandoab County, Iran

During studies of Diptera in the grasslands of Miandoab County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, during 2014-2015, 10 species of the family Dolichopodidae have been identified that among them Hydrophorus callostomus Loew, 1857 is recorded for the first time from Iran

Effect of thermocycling on the surface texture and release of titanium particles from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) plates and dental implants: An in vitro study

Statement of problem: The release of titanium (Ti) particles from the surface of endosseous dental implants is not well understood. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on the surface texture and release of Ti particles from the surface of dental implants. Material and methods: Three MSI dental implants and 3 Ti alloy (Ti6Al4V) plates were divided into 6 subgroups (n=3). Specimens in each group were subjected to 0 (control group), 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 thermocycles. After each cycling process, artificial saliva was collected, and the concentrations of released Ti particles were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). The surfaces of the dental implants and Ti plates were evaluated before and after thermocycling by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and SEM images were analyzed by using the ImageJ software program. Data were analyzed by mixed-model ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α=.05). Results: The greatest Ti release was seen after 2000 thermocycles. After increasing the number of cycles, additional Ti particles were released. SEM images of the surfaces of the dental implants and Ti plates displayed significant changes in surface texture. Conclusions: Thermocycling continuously removed the protective TiO2 layer on the surface of dental implants, resulting in the release of Ti particles. The surface treatment and texture did not affect the release of Ti particles

Effect of thermocycling on the surface texture and release of titanium particles from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) plates and dental implants: An in vitro study

Statement of problem: The release of titanium (Ti) particles from the surface of endosseous dental implants is not well understood. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on the surface texture and release of Ti particles from the surface of dental implants. Material and methods: Three MSI dental implants and 3 Ti alloy (Ti6Al4V) plates were divided into 6 subgroups (n=3). Specimens in each group were subjected to 0 (control group), 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 thermocycles. After each cycling process, artificial saliva was collected, and the concentrations of released Ti particles were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). The surfaces of the dental implants and Ti plates were evaluated before and after thermocycling by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and SEM images were analyzed by using the ImageJ software program. Data were analyzed by mixed-model ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α=.05). Results: The greatest Ti release was seen after 2000 thermocycles. After increasing the number of cycles, additional Ti particles were released. SEM images of the surfaces of the dental implants and Ti plates displayed significant changes in surface texture. Conclusions: Thermocycling continuously removed the protective TiO2 layer on the surface of dental implants, resulting in the release of Ti particles. The surface treatment and texture did not affect the release of Ti particles